Contributing Authors
Preface
Forward
Acknowledgments
PART I: PATHOLOGICAL SUBSTRATES AND MECHANISMS OF EPILEPTOGENESIS
Section A – Epidemiology and Natural History of Epilepsy
Howard P. Goodkin, Associate Editor
1. Epidemiologic Aspects of Epilepsy
Christine Linehan and Anne T. Berg
2. The Natural History of Seizures
Ding Ding and W. Allen Hauser
3. Experimental Models of Seizures and Mechanisms of Status Epileptics and Epileptogenesis
Timothy A. Benke, M.M. Huntsman, and Amy Brooks-Kayal
4. Genetics of the Epilepsies
Jocelyn F. Bautista and Anne Anderson
5. Pictoral Atlas of Epilepsy Substrates
Ajay Gupta and Rid A. Prayson
PART II: BASIC PRINCIPLES OF ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY
Howard P. Goodkin, Associate Editor
6. Neurophysiologic Basis of the Electroencephalogram
Erwin-Josef Speckmann, Christian E. Elger, and Ulrich Altrup
7. Localization and Field Determination in Electroencephalography
Rid C. Burgess
8. Electroencephalographic Atlas of Epileptiform Abnormalities
Soheyl Noachtar and Elaine Wyllie
PART III: EPILEPTIC SEIZURES AND SYNDROMES
Section A Epileptic Seizures
Howard P. Goodkin, Associate Editor
9. Terminology for Seizures and the Epilepsies
Anne Berg and Tobias Loddenkemper
10. Epileptic Auras
Norman K. So
11. Focal Motor Seizures
Andreas Alexopoulos and Stephen E. Jones
12. Focal Seizures with Impaired Consciousness
Lara Jehi and Prakash Kotagal
13. Autonomic Seizures, Autonomic Effects of Seizures, and SUDEP
Brian D. Moseley and Elaine C. Wirrell
14. Generalized Motor Seizures
William O. Tatum IV
15. Absence Seizures
Emily Robbins and Dennis J. Dlugos
16. Epileptic Spasms
Kelly G. Knupp and Ingrid Tuxhorn
Section B Epilepsy Conditions: Diagnosis and Treatment
Tobias Loddenkemper, Associate Editor
17. Presumed Genetic and Benign Focal Epilepsies of Childhood
Elaine C. Wirrell, Carol S. Camfield, and Peter R. Camfield
18. Idiopathic Generalized Epilepsy Syndromes of Childhood and Adolescence
Stephen Hantus
19. Progressive and Infantile Myoclonic Epilepsies
Bernd A. Neubauer, Andreas Hahn, and Ingrid Tuxhorn
20. Encephalopathic Generalized Epilepsy and Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome
S. Parrish Winesett and William O. Tatum IV
21. Continuous Spike-and-Wave During Sleep Including Landau-Kleffner Syndrome
Iván Sánchez Fernández and Tobias Loddenkemper
22. Epilepsy with Reflex Seizures
Dorothee Kasteleijn-Nolst Trenite and Frederick Andermann
23. Rasmussen Syndrome
Francois Dubeau
24. Temporal Lobe Epilepsies
Norman K. So
25. The Extratemporal Epilepsies
Carla LoPinto-Khoury and Michael R. Sperling
26. Malformations of Cortical Development and Epilepsy
Ghayda Mirzaa, Ruben Kuzniecky, and Renzo Guerrini
27. Brain Tumors and Epilepsy
Lara Jehi and Ingmar Blumcke
28. Post-Traumatic Epilepsy
Jay R. Gavvala and Stephan U. Schuele
29. Epilepsy in the Setting of Cerebrovascular Disease
Stephen Hantus, Neil Friedman, and Bernd Pohlmann-Eden
30. Epilepsy in the Setting of Neurocutaneous Syndromes
Ajay Gupta
31. Epilepsy in the Setting of Inherited Metabolic and Mitochondrial Disorders
Sumit Parikh, Douglas R. Nordli Jr, and Darryl C. DeVivo
32. Central Nervous System Infections and Epilepsy
Gagandeep Singh
33. Autoimmune Issues in Epilepsy
Ahsan N.V. Moosa
Section C Diagnosis and Treatment of Seizures in Special Clinical Settings
Howard P. Goodkin, Associate Editor
34. Febrile Seizures
Syndi Seinfeld and Michael Duchowny
35. Neonatal Seizures
Kevin E. Chapman, Eli M. Mizrahi, and Robert R. Clancy
36. Seizures Associated with Nonneurologic Medical Conditions
Stephan Eisenschenk, Jean Cibula, and Maria Hella
37. Sleep and Epilepsy
Nancy Foldvary-Schaefer and Silvia Neme-Mercante
38. Status Epilepticus
Howard P. Goodkin and James J. Riviello, Jr.
39. Application of Electroencephalography in the Intensive Care Setting
Stephen Hantus, Nicholas S. Ab, and Deepak Lachhwani
Section D Differential Diagnosis of Epilepsy
Tobias Loddenkemper, Associate Editor
40. Psychogenic Nonepileptic Seizures
W. Curt LaFrance, Jr. and Hamada Hamid
41. Other Nonepileptic Paroxysmal Disorders
Elia M. Pestana Knight and John M. Pellock
PART IV: ANTIEPILEPTIC MEDICATIONS
Section A General Principles of Antiepileptic Drug Therapy
Barry E. Gidal, Associate Editor
42. Antiepileptic Drug Development and Experimental Models
Melissa Barker-Haliski and H. Steve White
43. Mechanisms of Action of Antiepileptic Drugs
Michael A. Rogawski and Jose E. Cavazos
44. Pharmacokinetics and Drug Interactions
Gail D. Anderson
45. Initiation and Discontinuation of Antiepileptic Drugs
Varda Gross Tsur, Ruth C. Shinnar, and Shlomo Shinnar
46. Hormones, Catamenial Epilepsy, Sexual Function, and Reproductive and Bone Health in Epilepsy
Scott J. Stevens and Cynthia L. Harden
47. Treatment of Epilepsy During Pregnancy
Page B. Pennell
48. Individual Approach to Laboratory Monitoring of Antiepileptic Drugs
Svein I. Johannessen and Philip N. Patsalos
49. Genetic Influences on Responses to Drugs Used to Treat Epilepsy
Thomas N. Ferraro
Section B Specific Antiepileptic Medications and Other Therapies
Barry E. Gidal, Associate Editor
50. Benzodiazepines
L. John Greenfield Jr, Kinshuk Sahaya, Bashir Shihabuddin, Elizabeth I. Tietz, and Howard C. Rosenberg
51. Carbamazepine, Oxcarbazepine, and Eslicarbazepine
Carlos A.M. Guerriero, Marilisa M. Guerreiro, and Scott Mintzer
52. Ethosuximide
Andres M. Kanner and Ramses Ribot
53. Ezogabine (Retigabine)
Scott Mintzer
54. Felbamate
Edward Faught
55. Gabapentin and Pregabalin
Piero Perucca and John M. Dopp
56. Lacosamide
Raj D. Sheth
57. Lamotrigine
Barry E. Gidal and John M. Stern
58. Levetiracetam
Joseph I. Sirven, Katherine H. Noe, and Matthew T. Hoerth
59. Perampanel
Gregory L. Krauss and Barry E. Gidal
60. Phenobarbital and Primidone
Mark Spitz, Jacquelyn L. Bainbridge, and Pei-Shieen Wong
61. Phenytoin and Fosphenytoin
Jeannine M. Conway, Diego A. Morita, and Tracy A. Glauser
62. Rufinamide
Gregory Krauss and Rama Maganti
63. Topiramate
William E. Rosenfeld
64. Valproate
Angela K. Birnbaum and Susan E. Marino
65. Vigabatrin
Kelly G. Knupp and Elizabeth A. Thiele
66. Zonisamide
Timothy E. Welty
67. Adrenocorticotropin and Steroids
Christina Y. Go and Orlando Carter Snead III
68. Antiepileptic Drugs in Clinical Development
Deana M. Gazzola, Norman Delanty, and Jacqueline A. French
69. Less Commonly Used Antiepileptic Drugs
Robert T. Wechsler and Basim M. Uthman
70. Dietary Therapies for Epilepsy
Eric H.W. Kossoff
71. Vagus Nerve Stimulation Therapy
James W. Wheless
PART V: EPILEPSY SURGERY
Section A Identifying Surgical Candidates, Defining the Epileptogenic Zone, and Mapping Eloquent Cortex
Tobias Loddenkemper, Associate Editor
72. Issues of Medical Intractability for Surgical Candidacy
Samuel Wiebe and Nathalie Jetté
73. Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Evaluation for Epilepsy Surgery
Ahsan N.V. Moosa and Paul M. Ruggieri
74. Video EEG Monitoring in the Presurgical Evaluation
Jeffrey W. Britton
75. Nuclear Imaging (PET, SPECT)
William Davis Gaillard
76. Magnetoencephalography
Rid C. Burgess, John Mosher, and Andreas Alexopoulos
77. MRI Post-Processing Techniques and Clinical Applications
Z. Irene Wang, Stephen E. Jones, and Andrea Bernasconi
78. Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) and EEG-Correlated fMRI
Beate Diehl and Louis Lemieux
79. Language and Memory Mapping
Jeffrey R. Binder and Chad Carlson
80. Mapping Motor Function
Martin Staudt, Juan Bulacio, and Dileep Nair
81. Strategies and Indications for Evaluation with Invasive Electrodes
Jorge Alvaro González-Martínez, William Bingaman, Patrick Chauvel, and Imad Najm
Section B Epilepsy Surgery in Different Clinical Settings
Joseph Sirven, Associate Editor
82. Surgery for Medically Refractory Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
Sumeet Vadera, William E. Bingaman, and Imad Najm
83. Surgery for Focal Cortical Dysplasias
Imad M. Najm, Andre Palmini, William E. Bingaman
84. Hemispherectomy: Indications, Procedures, and Outcome
Ahsan N.V. Moosa, Jorge Alvaro González-Martínez, Ajay Gupta, and William E. Bingaman
85. Surgical Approach in Multilesional or Multilobar Epilepsies
Elia M. Pestana Knight, Ajay Gupta, and Elaine Wyllie
86. Surgical Approach in Non-lesional Cases
Deepak Lachhwani and Jorge Alvaro González-Martínez
87. Hypothalamic Hamartoma
John F. Kerrigan
88. Corpus Callosotomy and Multiple Subpial Transection
Michael C. Smith, Rid Byrne, and Andres M. Kanner
89. Special Considerations in Children
Ajay Gupta and Elaine Wyllie
90. Outcome and Complications of Epilepsy Surgery
Lara Jehi, Jorge Alvaro González-Martínez, and William F. Bingaman
91. Electrical Stimulation for the Treatment of Epilepsy
Wei Hu, S. Matthew Stead, and Gregory A. Worrell
PART VI: PSYCHOSOCIAL IMPACT, QUALITY OF CARE, COMORBIDITIES, AND ECONOMICS OF EPILEPSY
Joseph Sirven, Associate Editor
92. Cognitive Effects of Epilepsy and its Treatments
Kimford J. Meador
93. Psychiatric Comorbidity of Epilepsy
Beth A. Leeman-Markowski and Steven C. Schachter
94. Driving and Social Issues in Epilepsy
Amy Z. Crepeau and Joseph F. Drazkowski
95. Quality of Life with Epilepsy
Tatiana Falcone and Allyson M. Palombaro
Final Note: A Mother’s Perspective
Susan Axelrod
Appix
Barry E. Gidal, Associate Editor
Indications for Antiepileptic Drugs Sanctioned by the United States Food and Drug Administration
Kay C. Kyllonen
Index